Latest Publications
Livestock Crate Design required to improve animal welfare during transport. 2023. Report prepared for the Ministry for Primary Industries by Animal Welfare Solutions Ltd. Published January 2025. Livestock Crate Design required to improve animal welfare during transport
Stewart, M., Tacon, J. Livestock welfare during transport in New Zealand: Rethinking livestock crate design. Submitted to the 58th Congress of The International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Utrecht, The Netherlands, August, 2025.
Stewart, M., Littin, K., Sutherland, M., Beausoleil, N., O’Connor, C., Gregory, R. Shaping the future of animal welfare science in New Zealand: Challenges, gaps and opportunities. Submitted to the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) International Animal Welfare Conference, Online, June, 2025
Stewart, M., Carson, D.J.A One Welfare approach to sustainable beef production: Rethinking the management of non-replacement dairy calves in New Zealand. Submitted to the New Zealand Society of Animal Production (NZSAP) Conference, Joint Conference with the NZGA and the NZ Agronomy Society, Hamilton, New Zealand, November, 2025.
Peer-reviewed Publications
Lowe, G.L., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M., Waas, J.R., Cox, N.R., Schütz K.E. 2022. Effects of drinking water provision on the behavior and growth rate of group housed calves with different milk allowances ages. Journal of Dairy Science 105 (5), 4449-4460.
Lowe, G.L., Sutherland, M.A., Waas, J.R., Cox, N.R., Schaefer, A.L., Stewart, M. 2021. Effect of milk allowance on the suitability of automated behavioural and physiological measures as early disease indicators in calves. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 234,105-202.
Sutherland, M.A., Worth, G.W., Dowling, S.K., Lowe, G.L., Stewart, M. 2020.Validation of infrared thermography to measure the autonomic nervous response in sheep. PLoS ONE 15(5): e0233558. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233558.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Sutherland, M.A. Goats are not small calves: species comparisons in relation to disbudding. Animal Welfare 29 (3), 293-312.
Lowe, G.L., McCane, B., Sutherland, M.A., Waas, J.R., Schaefer, A.L., Cox, N.R., Stewart, M. 2020. Automated Collection and Analysis of Infrared Thermograms for Measuring Eye and Cheek Temperatures in Calves. Animals, 10, 292.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. 2020. Can isoflurane and meloxicam mitigate pain associated with cautery disbudding of 3-wk-old goat kids? Special Issue of Animals, 10, 878; doi:10.3390/ani10050878.
Lowe, G.L., Sutherland, M.A., Waas, J.R., Schaefer, A.L., Cox, N.R., Stewart, M. 2019. Technical note: Infrared thermography as a non-invasive method of measuring respiration rate in dairy calves. Animals, 9, 535.
Campbell, D.L.M, Taylor, P.S., Hernandez, C.E., Stewart, M., Belson, S., Lee, C. 2019. An attention bias test to assess anxiety states in laying hens. PeerJ 7: e7303 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7303.
Sutherland, M.A., Dowling, S.K., Schütz, K.E., Cave, V.M., Kells, N.J., Johnson, C.B., Stewart, M. 2019. Behavioral and physiological assessment of liquid nitrogen cryoablation to prevent horn development in dairy calves. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research 31, 74-81.
Sutherland, M.A., Huddart, F.J., Stewart, M. 2019. Short communication: Evaluation of the efficacy of novel disbudding methods for dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science 102 (1), 666–671.
Lowe, G.L., Sutherland, M.A., Waas, J.R., Schaefer, A.L., Cox, N.R., Stewart, M. 2018. Physiological and behavioral responses as indicators for early disease detection in dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science 102 (6), 5389-5402.
Sutherland, M.A., Lowe, G.L., Huddart, F., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M. 2018. Measurement of dairy calf behavior prior to onset of clinical disease and in response to disbudding using automated calf feeders and accelerometers. Journal of Dairy Science 101 (9), 8208-8216.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Zobel, G., Cave, V.M., Julian, A.F., Sutherland, M.A. 2018. Pain sensitivity and injury associated with three methods of disbudding goat kids: cryosurgery, caustic paste and cautery. The Veterinary Journal 239, 42-47.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Cave, V.M., Turner, A.R., Sutherland, M.A. 2018. The effectiveness of clove oil and cautery disbudding methods on preventing horn growth in dairy goat kids. PLoS ONE 13 (11): doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/325159.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. 2018. Evaluation of alternatives to cautery disbudding of dairy goat kids using behavioural measures of post-treatment pain. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 206, 32-38.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. 2018. Evaluation of alternatives to cautery disbudding of dairy goat kids using physiological measures of immediate and longer-term pain. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 5374-5387.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Dowling, S.K., Cave, V.M., Lowe, G.L., Sutherland, M.A. 2018. Effect of isoflurane alone or in combination with meloxicam on the behaviour and physiology of goat kids following cautery disbudding. Journal of Dairy Science 101 (4), 3193-3204.
Lowe, G.L., Schütz, K.E., Sutherland, M.A., Waas, J.R., Wilson, M.T., Stewart, M. 2017. Validation of the use of an automated system for monitoring water intake and drinking behaviour in dairy calves. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 77, 133-136.
Hempstead, M.N., Stewart, M., Waas, J.R., Sutherland, M.A. 2017. Brief Communication: Effect of disbudding on pain sensitivity and weight-gain of dairy goat kids. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 77, 159-160.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. 2017. Behavioural response of dairy goat kids to cautery disbudding. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 194, 42-47.
Stewart, M., Wilson, M.T., Schaefer, A.L. Huddart, F., Sutherland, M.A. 2017. The use of infrared thermography and accelerometers for remote monitoring of dairy cow health and welfare. Journal of Dairy Science 100 (5), 3893-3901.
Sutherland, M.A., Lowe, G.L., Huddart, F., Stewart M. 2016. Brief Communication: An investigation of automated measures for assessing pain-induced distress in dairy calves. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 76, 103-105.
Hempstead, MN, Stewart, M, Sutherland, MA, Waas, JR. 2016. Brief Communication: A physiological evaluation of the efficacy of pain-mitigation strategies for cautery-disbudded goat kids Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 76, 106-108.
Lowe, G.L., Schaefer, A.L., Waas, J.R., Wilson, M.T., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M. 2016. Brief Communication: The use of infrared thermography and feeding behaviour for early disease detection in New Zealand dairy calves. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 76, 177-179.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Leach, M., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. Coding and quantification of a facial expression for pain in lambs. Behavioural Processes 132, 49-56.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Wemelsfelder, F., Stafford, K.J. Behavioural and emotional effects of viewing a conspecific in pain. Applied Animal Behaviour Science (Submitted).
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J., Morel, P.C.D. 2016. Lambs show changes in ear posture when experiencing pain. Animal Welfare, 25, 171-177.
Schütz, K.E., Huddart, F.J., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M., Cox, N.R. 2015. The effects of space allowance on the behavior and physiology of cattle temporarily managed on rubber mats. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 6226-6235.
Webster, J.R., Schütz, K.E., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M., DJ Mellor, D.J. 2015. Different animal welfare orientations towards some key research areas of current relevance to pastoral dairy farming in New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 63, 31-36.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. 2014. Social context and other factors influence the behavioural expression of pain by lambs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 159, 41-49.
Stewart, M., Beausoleil, N.J., Johnson, K.B., Webster, J.R., Schütz, K.E., Cox, N., Stafford, K.J. 2014. Do rubber rings coated with lignocaine reduce the pain associated with ring castration of lambs? Applied Animal Behaviour Science 160, 56-63.
Sutherland, M.A., Worth, G.A., Stewart, M. 2014. The effect of rearing substrate and space allowance on the behavior and physiology of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science 97, 4455-4463.
Sutherland, M.A., Worth, G.A., Schütz, K.E., Stewart, M. 2014. Rearing substrate and space allowance influences play behaviour of dairy calves in an arena test. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 154, 8-14.
Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M. Schütz, K.E. 2013. Effects of two substrate types on the behaviour, cleanliness and thermoregulation of dairy calves. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 147, 19-27.
Stewart M, Shepherd, H.M., Webster, J.R., Waas, J.R., McLeay, L.M., Schütz, K.E. 2013. Effect of previous handling experiences on responses of dairy calves to routine husbandry procedures. Animal 7, 828-833.
Mintline, E.M., Stewart, M., Rogers, A.R., Cox, N.R., Verkerk, G.A., Stookey, J.M., Webster, J.R., Tucker, C.B. 2013. Play behavior as an indicator of animal welfare: disbudding in dairy calves. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 144, 22-30.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Stewart, M. 2013. Effects of early human handling on the pain sensitivity of young lambs. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 40, 55-62.
Schaefer, A.L., Cook, N.L., Bench, C., Chabot, B., Colyn, J., Liu, T., Okine, E., Stewart, M. Webster, J.R. 2012. The non-invasive and automated detection of bovine respiratory disease onset in receiver calves using infrared thermography Research in Veterinary Science 93, 928-935.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., E.O. Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. 2012. The effects of age and sex on pain sensitivity in newborn lambs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 135, 51-56.
Schütz, K.E., Hawke, M., Waas, J.R., McLeay, L.M., Bokkers, E., van Reenen, K., Webster, J.R., Stewart, M. 2012. Effects of handling during early rearing on the behaviour of dairy calves. Animal Welfare. 21, 19-26.
Stewart, M. 2011. The future for animal welfare science: Is there a clear direction or are we just responding to issues? Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 71, 178 (Animal Welfare Contract Session).
Stewart, M., Worth, G., Webster, J.R., Schütz, K.E. 2011 Effects of handling during calf rearing on behavioural and physiological responses of one year-old dairy heifers. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 71, 275-277.
Stewart M., Verkerk, G.A., Stafford, K.J., Schaefer, A.L., Webster J.R. 2010. Non-invasive assessment of autonomic activity for evaluation of pain in calves, using surgical castration as a model Journal of Dairy Science, 93, 3602-3609.
Stewart M., Webster J.R., Matthews, L.R., Rogers, A.R. 2010. Effects of transport, including stationary periods, on environmental conditions and physiological response of sheep. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 70, 162-163.
Stewart M., Webster J.R., Stafford, K.J., Schaefer, A.L., Verkerk, G.A. 2010. Effects of an epinephrine infusion on eye temperature and heart rate variability in bull calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 93 5252–5257.
Stewart M., Stookey, J.M., Stafford, K.J., Tucker, C.B., Rogers, A.R., Dowling, S.K., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Webster J.R. 2009. Effects of local anesthetic and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug on pain responses of dairy calves to hot-iron dehorning. Journal of Dairy Science 92, 1512-1519.
Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J., Dowling, S.K., Schaefer, A.L., Webster, J.R. 2008. Eye temperature and heart rate variability of calves disbudded with or without local anaesthetic. Physiology & Behavior, 93, 789-797.
Stewart, M., Schaefer, A.L., Haley, D.B., Colyn J.J., Cook, N.J., Stafford, K.J., Webster, J.R. 2008. Infrared thermography as a non-invasive method for detecting fear-related responses of cattle to handling procedures. Animal Welfare, 17, 387-393.
Webster, J.R., Stewart, M., Rogers, A.R., Verkerk, G.A. 2008. Assessment of welfare from physiological and behavioural responses of New Zealand dairy cows exposed to cold and wet conditions. Animal Welfare 17, 19-26.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Colyn, J.J., Stafford, K.J. 2007. Non-invasive measurement of stress in dairy cows using infrared thermography. Physiology & Behavior 92, 520-525.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Dowling, S.K., Stafford, K.J.,Huddart, F.J. 2007. The use of diazepam as a pharmacological method for evaluating anxiety in sheep. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 67, 232-236.
Fisher, A.D., Stewart, M., Duganzich, D.M., Tacon, J., Matthews, L.R. 2005. The effects of stationary periods and external climatic environment on thermal stress conditions within sheep transport vehicles. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 53, 6-9.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Schaefer, A.L., Cook, N.J., Scott, S.L. 2005. Infra-red thermography as a non-invasive tool to study animal welfare. Animal Welfare 14, 319-325.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Verkerk, G.A., Colyn, J.J., Schaefer, A.L. 2005. Infrared thermography as a non-invasive measure of stress in dairy cows. Journal of Animal Science 83, 374 (Abstract).
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Matthews, L.R. 2004. Behavioural and physiological responses to cold in New Zealand dairy cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 84, 767 (Abstract).
Fisher, A.D., Stewart, M., Verkerk, G.A., Morrow, C.J., Matthews, L.R. 2003. The effects of surface type on lying behaviour and stress responses of dairy cows during periodic weather-induced removal from pasture. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 81, 1-11.
Stewart, M., Foster, T.M., Waas, J.R. 2003. The effects of air transport on the behaviour and heart rate of horses. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 80, 143-160.
Stewart, M., Fisher, A.D., Verkerk, G.A., Matthews, L.R. 2002. Winter dairy grazing systems: management practices and cow comfort. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 62, 44-52.
Fisher, A.D., Stewart, M., Tacon, J., Matthews, L.R. 2002. Effects of stock crate design and stocking density on environmental conditions for lambs on road transport vehicles. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 50, 148-153.
Conference Proceedings
Lowe, G.L., Sutherland, M.A., Waas, J.R., Schaefer, Cox, N.R., A.L., Stewart, M. Influence of milk allowance on the suitability of automated behavioural and physiological measures as indicators of neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD). Proceedings of the Regional Meeting for the InternationalSociety for Applied Ethology. Wellington, New Zealand, 2019. p43.
Sutherland, M.A., Lowe, G.L., Stewart, M., Cox, N.R., Waas, J.R., Schütz K,E. Changes in calf feeding behavior in response to illness. ASAS-CSAS Annual Meeting & Trade Show. Austin, Texas, July, 2019.
Sutherland, M.A., Lowe, G.L., Cox, N.R., Stewart, M. Infrared thermography as a method for detecting pain in dairy calves in response to disbudding on-farm. ASAS-CSAS Annual Meeting & Trade Show. Austin, Texas, July, 2019. PSIII- 4.
Hempstead,M. N., Stewart, M., Waas, J.R., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. Evaluation of alternatives to cautery disbudding dairy goat kids using behavioural measures of post-treatment pain. Proceedings of the 52nd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Prince Edward Island, Canada, July, 2018. p227.
Lowe, G.L., Waas, J.R., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M. 2018. Behavioural and physiological responses as early indicators of disease in New Zealand dairy calves. Proceedings of the 52nd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Prince Edward Island, Canada, July, 2018. p142.
Hempstead, M. N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Zobel, G., Cave, V.M., Julian, A.F., Sutherland, M.A. 2018. Comparison of disbudding methods in goats: pain and skull injury. Proceedings of the Society of Sheep and Beef Cattle Veterinarians of the New Zealand Veterinary Association. Hamilton, New Zealand, 2018. p85-86.
Hempstead, M.N., Stewart, M., Waas, J.R., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. The effect of isoflurane and meloxicam on behaviour of dairy goat kids following cautery disbudding. The Joint Regional Midwest Section of ADSA and ASAS, Omaha, USA, March, 2017. p45-46.
Sutherland, M.A., GM Worth, G.M., Stewart, M., Schütz, K.E. Leaving no stone unturned: Assessing the welfare of calves reared on stones. Universities Federation for Animal Welfare Meeting, London, UK, 2017.
Lowe GL, Sutherland MA, Huddart FJ, Wilson MT, Schaefer AL, Stewart M. The use of infrared thermography and accelerometers as remote methods for monitoring dairy cow health and welfare. Proceedings of the Regional Meeting for the International Society for Applied Ethology. Auckland, New Zealand, 2016. p7.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Sutherland, M.A. An overview of measures assessing pain associated with cautery disbudding in goat kids. Proceedings of the Regional Meeting for the International Society for Applied Ethology. Auckland, New Zealand, October, 2016. p12.
Stewart, M., Schaefer, A.L., Sutherland, M.A., Wilson. Automated applications of infrared thermography for disease detection in cattle. The 7th European Conference on Precision Livestock Farming (EC-PLF), Milan, Italy, September, 2015. p711-717.
Sutherland, M.A., Dowling, S., Backus, B., Stewart, M. The use of infrared thermography to assess stress in pigs. The 7th European Conference on Precision Livestock Farming (EC-PLF), Milan, Italy, September, 2015. p691-700.
Hempstead, M.N., Waas, J.R., Stewart, M., Sutherland, M.A. Behavioural responses of goat kids to disbudding. Proceedings of the 34th International Ethological Conference. Cairns, Australia, August, 2015.
Schütz, K.E., Huddart, F.J., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M., Cox, N.R. Effects of space allowance on the behavior and physiology of cattle temporarily managed on rubber mats. Proceedings of the 49th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan, September, 2015.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. Coding and quantification of a facial expression for pain in lambs: Preliminary studies. Proceedings of the Regional Meeting for the International Society for Applied Ethology. Sydney, Australia, October, 2014. p3.
Schaefer, A.L., Cook, N., Bench, C., Stewart, M. The use of infrared thermography in the detection of stress, disease and metabolism in animals. InfraCanada Conference, Banff, Canada, September, 2014.
Stewart, M., Dowling, S., Schütz, K.E., Cave, V.M., Sutherland, M.A. Liquid nitrogen cryosurgery as an alternative to hot-iron disbudding of dairy calves. Proceedings of the 48th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, July, 2014. p217.
Sutherland, M.A., Worth, G.M., Stewart, M., Schütz, K.E. Preference for rearing substrate of dairy calves. Proceedings of the 48th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, July, 2014. p196.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. Lambs show ear posture changes when experiencing pain. Proceedings of the 48th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, July, 2014. p110.
Landgraf, T., Zipser, S., Stewart, M., Dowling, S.K., Schaefer, A.L. Modelling and Correction of Influences on Surface Temperature Measurements using Infrared Thermography for Animal Health and Welfare Assessments. The 12th International Conference on Quantitative Infrared Thermography. Bordeaux, France, July, 2014.
Worth, G.M., Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M., Schütz, K.E. Play behaviour as an indicator of animal welfare in dairy calves Proceedings of the Regional Meeting for the International Society for Applied Ethology. Hamilton, New Zealand, October, 2013.
Guesgen, M.J., BeausoleilN.J., MinotE.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. Social context and previous experience influence the behavioural expression of pain in lambs Proceedings of the Regional Meeting for the International Society for Applied Ethology, Hamilton, New Zealand, October 2013.
Dowling, S., Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Schaefer, A.L., Landgraf, T. Infrared thermography for animal health and welfare monitoring: Where to from here? Proceedings of the 4th Australian and New Zealand Spatially Enabled Livestock Management Symposium. Sydney, Australia, 2013. p19.
Stewart, M., Johnson, C.B., Webster, J.R., Stafford, K.J., Beausoleil, N.J. Evaluation of rubber rings coated with lignocaine for pain relief during castration of lambs. Proceedings of the 47th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Florianopolis, Brazil, June, 2013. p53.
Sutherland, M.A., Worth, G.M., Stewart, M., Schütz, K.E. Rearing substrate affects play behaviour in an arena test in dairy calves. Proceedings of the 47th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. Florianopolis, Brazil, June, 2013. p64.
Schaefer, A.L., Basarab, J., Colyn, J., Webster, J.R., Stewart, M. Non steady state thermal profiles used to rank RFI in cows. Proceedings of the Canadian Society of Animal Science Conference. Banff, Canada, June 2013.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Stafford, K.J., Schaefer, A.L. Invited Speaker: The use of infrared thermography as a non-invasive method for assessing pain during disbudding and automated applications for early disease detection. Proceedings of the Society of Dairy Cattle Veterinarians of the NZVA Annual Conference. New Plymouth, New Zealand, June 2013. p 27-29.
Schütz, K.E., Stewart, M. Invited Presentation: The effects of human interaction during calf rearing. Proceedings of the Society of Dairy Cattle Veterinarians of the NZVA Annual Conference. New Plymouth, New Zealand, June 2013. p31-38.
Sutherland, M.A., Stewart, M., Schütz, K.E. Invited Presentation: Effects of substrate type and space allowance on dairy calf welfare. Proceedings of the Society of Dairy Cattle Veterinarians of the NZVA Annual Conference. New Plymouth, New Zealand, June 2013. p23-26.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Schaefer, A.L. Invited Speaker: Use of infrared thermography for cattle welfare assessment. MSD Milking Success Conference, Wellington, May 2013.
Stewart, M., Dowling, S.K., Worth, G. Infrared thermography for non-invasive assessment of pain and welfare of sheep. International Sheep Veterinary Congress, Rotorua, New Zealand, February 2013. p141.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Schaefer, A.L. Automated assessment of animal health and welfare using infrared thermography: early detection of disease. Australian Dairy Science Symposium, Melbourne, Australia, November 2012. p258-260.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Schaefer, A.L. Automated assessment of animal health and welfare using infrared thermography. Dairy Cattle Welfare Symposium, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, October 2012.
Stewart, M., Sutherland, M.A., Schütz, K.E. The effects of rearing calves on two different bedding materials: A comparison between river stones and sawdust.Dairy Cattle Welfare Symposium, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, October 2012.
Stewart, M., Worth, G., Webster, J.R., Schutz, K.E. Effects of daily handling during calf rearing on behavioural and physiological responses of 1-year-old dairy heifers. Proceedings of the 46th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Vienna, Austria, July, 2012.
Schaefer, A.L., Scott, S., Colyn, J., Tong, A., Basarab, J., Cook, N., Webster, J. Stewart, M., Christopherson, O., Bench, C., Kennedy, A., Ominski, K. Farm Based Infrared Technology: Early Disease Detection and Metabolic Efficiency. Gentec Conference: Turning Local Production into Global Advantage and the Fundamentals of Residual Feed Intake, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, October, 2012.
Schaefer, A.L., Bench, C., Galbraith, Stewart, M. Webster, J.R. The Impact of Animal Welfare on the Meats Industry. Canadian Meat Science Association Technical Symposium, Quebec City, Quebec, May, 2012.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. The effects of age and sex on pain sensitivity in young lambs. Proceedings of the Australasian Society for the study of Animal Behaviour Adelaide, Australia, April, 2011.
Guesgen, M.J., Beausoleil, N.J., Minot, E.O., Stewart, M., Stafford, K.J. Sex differences in lamb pain sensitivity develop after birth Proceedings of the 45th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Indianapolis, United States, August, 2011. p2.
Stewart M., Stratton, R.B., Beausoleil, N.J., Stafford, K.J., Worth, G.M., Waran, N.K. Assessment of positive emotions in horses: implications for welfare and performance. Proceedings of the 6th Conference of the International Society for Equitation Science Uppsala, Sweden, August, 2010 p 82 (also in Journal of Veterinary Behaviour: Clinical Applications and Research , 2011, 6(5) p296).
Stratton, R.B., Waran, N.K., Beausoleil, N.J., Stafford, K.J., Worth, G.M., Munn, R., Stewart, M. Non-invasive assessment of positive emotions in horses using behavioural and physiological indicators. Proceedings of the 44th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Uppsala, Sweden, August, 2010. p153.
Stratton, R.B., Waran N.K., Beausoleil, N.J., Stafford, K.J., Worth, G.M., Munn, R., Stewart M. Non-invasive assessment of positive emotions in horses using behavioural and physiological indicators. Proceedings of the 6th Conference of the International Society for Equitation Science Uppsala, Sweden, August, 2010. p42. (also in Journal of Veterinary Behaviour: Clinical Applications and Research).
Schaefer, A.L., Bench, C., Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K., Cook, N., Basarab, J., Krampl, D., Okine, E., Stewart, M., Webster, J.Orbital Infrared as an Early Indicator of Bovine Respiratory Disease in Sero-negative Cattle. World Congress for Buiatrics, Chile, November, 2010.
Stewart, M. Animal Welfare: An inconvenient truth or market opportunity? Proceedings NZ Large Herds Conference, Ashburton, March 2009. p52-53.
Shepherd, H.M., Schütz, K.E., McLeay, L.M., Waas, J.R., Hawke, M., Webster, J.R., Stewart, M. Effects of previous handling on dairy calf responses during a restraint test. Proceedings of the Australasian Society for the study of Animal Behaviour, April, 2009. p55.
Dowling, S.K., Stewart, M., Hawke, M., Webster, J.R., Schütz, KE. Effects of previous handling on exploratory behaviour of dairy calves. Proceedings of the Australasian Society for the study of Animal Behaviour, April, 2009. p32.
Hawke, M., Stewart, M., Waas, J.R., McLeay, L.M., Webster, J.R., Schütz, K.E. Play behaviour in dairy calves as a potential welfare indicator. Proceedings of the Australasian Society for the study of Animal Behaviour, April, 2009. p35.
Schaefer AL, Bench C, Cook NJ, Colyn JJ, Liu T, Okine E, Stewart M, Webster JR. Orbital thermal topography in calves with bovine respiratory disease. Proceedings of the CSAS/ASAS/ADSA joint meeting, Montreal, July, 2009.
Stewart, M., Shepherd, H.M., Webster, J.R., Waas, J.R., McLeay, L.M., Schütz, K.E. Effects of previous handling on responses of dairy calves during painful procedures. Proceedings of the 43rd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Cairns, Australia, July, 2009. p169.
Schütz, K.E., Stewart, M., Hawke, M., Bokkers, E., van Reenen, K., Webster, J.R. Effects of previous handling on calf responses towards humans. Proceedings of the 43rd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Cairns, Australia, July, 2009. p170.
Stewart M., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Stafford, K.J., Worth, G.M., Clark, K., Webster, J.R. Detection and alleviation of pain due to castration in calves. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on the Assessment of Animal Welfare at Farm and Group Level, Ghent, Belgium, September 2008. p148.
Tucker, C.B., Stewart, M. Rogers, A.R., Stookey, J.M., Webster, J.R. Play behaviour as an indicator of animal welfare: disbudding in dairy calves. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on the Assessment of Animal Welfare at Farm and Group Level, Ghent, Belgium, September 2008. p37.
Webster, J.R., Stewart M., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Stafford, K.J. Non-invasive detection and differentiation of autonomic responses to pain in cattle. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on the Assessment of Animal Welfare at Farm and Group Level, Ghent, Belgium, September 2008. p92. Also presented at Horizons in Livestock Sciences conference, Christchurch, October 2008.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Stafford, K.J., Schaefer, A.L. Infrared thermography and heart rate variability for non-invasive assessment of animal welfare. Proceedings of the Australian and New Zealand Council for the Care of Animals in Research and Teaching Annual Conference, Auckland, July 2008. p53-55.
Webster, J.R., Kendall, P.E., Matthews, L.R., Schütz, K., Stewart, M., Tucker, C.B., Verkerk, G.A. Management strategies for coping with cold and wet weather on pasture-based dairy farms: productivity consequences of reduced cow comfort. In: D.F. Chapman, D.A.C., K.L. Macmillan and D.P. Nolan (Ed.), Meeting the Challenges for Pasture-Based Dairying. Australasian Dairy Science Symposium. National Dairy Alliance, The University of Melbourne, Australia, p612-615.
Stewart M., Stookey, J.M., Stafford, K.J., Tucker, C.B., Rogers, A.R., Dowling, S.K., Verkerk, G.A., Webster, J.R. Effects of local anaesthetic and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic on stress responses of calves to disbudding. Proceedings of the 41st International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Merida, Mexico, July, 2007. p235.
Schaefer, A.L., Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Cook, N.J., Colyn, J.J., Lepage, P., Church, J.S., Haley, D.B. Objective measurement of pain and fear in cattle using infrared thermography. International Society for Applied Ethology North West America Regional Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, July, 2006. p55.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R, Stafford, K.J., Dowling, S.K. Changes in eye temperature, measured using infra-red thermography, can detect pain due to disbudding in calves. Proceedings of the 40th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Bristol, England, August, 2006. p97.
Verkerk, G.A., Tucker, C.B., Kendall, P.E., Webster, J.R., Bloomberg, M., Rogers A.R., Stewart, M. Davison, D.R., Matthews, L.R., Physical Environments and Dairy Cow Welfare – Lessons from New Zealand Research, Dairy Cattle Veterinarian Conference, Napier, New Zealand, June, 2006.
Stewart, M., Webster, J.R., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Matthews, L.R. How do we tell if our cows are cold during winter? Proceedings of the Assocation for Women in the Sciences Conference, University of Waikato, Hamilton, July, 2005.
Stewart M., Tucker C.B., Rogers A.R., Webster J.R., Verkerk G.A., Matthews L.R. The effects of adverse weather conditions on the behaviour and physiology of New Zealand dairy cows. International Ethological Conference, Budapest, Hungary, August, 2005.
Stewart, M. Webster, J.R., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., Matthews, L.R. Behavioural and physiological responses to cold in New Zealand dairy cows. Proceedings of joint 2004 conference of the Canadian Societies of Agronomy, Animal and Soil Sciences (CSAS, CSSS, CSA), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, July, 2004.
Stewart, M., Fisher, A.D., Verkerk, G.A., Matthews, L.R. The effects of winter management practices of the lying behaviour of cows on New Zealand dairy farms. International Society for Applied Ethology Regional Meeting, Hamilton, New Zealand, June, 2002.
Verkerk,G.A., Fisher, A.D., Stewart, M., Morrow, C.J., Matthews, L.R. Stand-off management practices for improved dairy cow welfare: a science based solution. International Society for Applied Ethology Regional Meeting, Hamilton, New Zealand, June, 2002.
Fisher, A.D., Stewart, M., Tacon, J., Matthews, L.R. The effects of stock crate design and stocking density on environmental conditions for lambs on road transport vehicles. International Society for Applied Ethology Regional Meeting, Hamilton, New Zealand, June, 2002.
Fisher, A.D., Matthews, L.R., Tacon, J. Stewart, M. Long distance livestock transport research in New Zealand. World Veterinary Congress, Tunisia, 2002.
Stewart, M. Responses of horses to aircraft transport. Behaviour Analysis Symposium, Hamilton, New Zealand, August, 2000.